Description
Stat (Signal transducer and activators of transcription) proteins mediate the biological activity of cytokines, including interleukins, interferons, erythropoietin, and growth factors. Ligand-receptor interaction activates constitutively-associated JAK family kinases and subsequent recruitment/activation of Stat proteins by tyrosine phosphorylation. Active Stat proteins then move to the nucleus to promote transcription of cytokine-inducible genes. Seven Stat proteins have been cloned, each of which is differentially expressed and/or activated in a cytokine-specific and cell type-specific manner. Stat5 has been characterized and shown to be encoded by two separate genes, Stat5a and Stat5b, which share over 90% identity at the amino acid level. Stat5a has been shown to be involved in lactogenesis and mammary development, while Stat5b has been shown to be involved in growth hormone signaling and liver gene expression. Both Stat5a and Stat5b are involved in IL-2 induced peripheral T cell proliferation. The peptide hormone, prolactin, binds to the prolactin receptor (PRLR) to initiate the lactogenic response. There are at least three forms of PRLR; however, only the long form activates the 92-kDa Stat5 protein by inducing phosphorylation at Y694. Once phosphorylated, Stat5 becomes an essential transcription factor which binds to the β-casein gene promoter. The presence of an SH2 domain within Stat5 suggests that it may directly interact with protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) such as JAK2.
The 47 monoclonal antibody recognizes the phosphorylated Y694 of Stat5a. The homologous phosphorylation site in Stat5b is Y699.
Format
- FormatAlexa Fluor® 488
- Excitation SourceBlue 488 nm
- Excitation Max495nm
- Emission Max519nm
Alexa Fluor® conjugates are highly photostable and remain fluorescent over a broad pH range. The excitation and emission maxima are nearly identical to those of FITC. However, Alexa Fluor® 488 tends to be brighter and more optimal for intracellular applications. Due to nearly identical excitation and emission properties but different spillover characteristics, FITC and Alexa Fluor® 488 cannot be used simultaneously. Alexa Fluor® 488 exhibits extraordinary photostability, which makes it highly suitable for fluorescence microscopy.
Other Formats→
- Alexa Fluor® 647
- PE
- PE-CF594
- Pacific Blue™
- PerCP-Cy™5.5
- Purified
Suggested Companion Products
Stain Buffer (FBS) RUO 500mLCat No: 554656
Recombinant Human GM-CSF RUO 10µgCat No: 550068
Fixation Buffer RUO 100mLCat No: 554655
Perm Buffer III RUO 125mLCat No: 558050
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Preparation and Storage
Store undiluted at 4°C and protected from prolonged exposure to light.Do not freeze.The monoclonal antibody was purified from tissue culture supernatant or ascites by affinity chromatography.The antibody was conjugated to Alexa Fluor® 488 under optimum conditions, and unreacted Alexa Fluor® 488 was removed.
Product Notices
- This reagent has been pre-diluted for use at the recommended Volume per Test.We typically use 1 × 10^6 cells in a 100-µl experimental sample (a test).
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/pharmingen/protocols for technical protocols.
- Alexa Fluor® 488 fluorochrome emission is collected at the same instrument settings as for fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC).
- Alexa Fluor® is a registered trademark of Molecular Probes, Inc., Eugene, OR.
- The Alexa Fluor®, Pacific Blue™, and Cascade Blue® dye antibody conjugates in this product are sold under license from Molecular Probes, Inc. for research use only, excluding use in combination with microarrays, or as analyte specific reagents. The Alexa Fluor® dyes (except for Alexa Fluor® 430), Pacific Blue™ dye, and Cascade Blue® dye are covered by pending and issued patents.
- For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
- Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
- Source of all serum proteins is from USDA inspected abattoirs located in the United States.
This antibody conjugate is suitable for intracellular staining of human whole blood (using BD Phosflow™ Lyse/Fix Buffer) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (using BD Cytofix™ Fixation Buffer or BD Phosflow™ Fix Buffer I).
This purified or conjugated mAb was characterized by flow cytometry (Flow) and western blot analysis (WB) using these model systems:
MethodSpeciesCellsTreatmentFixationPerm bufferResult
FlowHumanPBMCIL-2Fixation BufferIIIPositive Staining
FlowHumanPBMCIL-2Fixation BufferI or IIUnsatisfactory
FlowHumanWhole BloodIL-2Lyse/FixIIIPositive Staining
FlowHumanWhole BloodIL-2Lyse/Fix I or IIUnsatisfactory
WBHumanA431 Cell LysateEGFNot ApplicableNot Applicable92 kDa
